Modification of Azobenzenes by Cross-Coupling Reactions

Abstract Azobenzenes are among the most extensively used molecular switches for many different applications. The need to tailor them required task often requires further functionalization. Cross-coupling reactions ideally suited late-stage modifications. This review provides an overview of recent developments in modification azobenzene and its derivatives by cross-coupling reactions. 1 Introduction 2 as Formally Electrophilic Components 2.1 Palladium Catalysis 2.2 Nickel 2.3 Copper 2.4 Cobalt 3 Nucleophilic 3.1 3.2 3.3 C–H Activation Reactions 4 Ligands Catalysts 5 Diazocines 5.1 Synthesis 5.2 Cross-Coupling 6 Conclusion